{"id":1502,"date":"2016-09-07T00:00:42","date_gmt":"2016-09-07T00:00:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/wordpress\/?p=1502"},"modified":"2017-10-18T19:25:00","modified_gmt":"2017-10-18T19:25:00","slug":"biesecker2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/2016\/09\/07\/biesecker2016\/","title":{"rendered":"Glial Cell Calcium Signaling Mediates Capillary Regulation of Blood Flow in the Retina."},"content":{"rendered":"
J Neurosci.<\/a> 2016 Sep 7;36(36):9435-45. doi: 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1782-16.2016.<\/div>\n

Glial Cell Calcium Signaling Mediates Capillary Regulation of Blood Flow in the Retina.<\/h4>\n
Biesecker KR<\/a>1<\/sup>, Srienc AI<\/a>1<\/sup>, Shimoda AM<\/a>1<\/sup>, Agarwal A<\/a>2<\/sup>, Bergles DE<\/a>2<\/sup>, Kofuji P<\/a>1<\/sup>, Newman EA<\/a>3<\/sup>.<\/div>\n
\n

<\/h4>\n

Abstract<\/h4>\n

The brain is critically dependent on the regulation of blood flow to nourish active neurons. One widely held hypothesis of blood flow regulation holds that active neurons stimulate Ca(2+) increases in glial cells, triggering glial release of vasodilating agents. This hypothesis has been challenged, as arteriole dilation can occur in the absence of glial Ca(2+) signaling. We address this controversy by imaging glial Ca(2+) signaling and vessel dilation in the mouse retina. We find that sensory stimulation results in Ca(2+) increases in the glial endfeet contacting capillaries, but not arterioles, and that capillary dilations often follow spontaneous Ca(2+) signaling. In IP3R2(-\/-) mice, where glial Ca(2+) signaling is reduced, light-evoked capillary, but not arteriole, dilation is abolished. The results show that, independent of arterioles, capillaries actively dilate and regulate blood flow. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that glial Ca(2+) signaling regulates capillary but not arteriole blood flow.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

1 Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, and.<\/p>\n

2 Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.<\/p>\n

3 Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, and ean@umn.edu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The brain is critically dependent on the regulation of blood flow to nourish active neurons. One widely held hypothesis of blood flow regulation holds that active neurons stimulate Ca(2+) increases in glial cells, triggering glial release of vasodilating agents. This hypothesis has been challenged, as arteriole dilation can occur in the absence of glial Ca(2+) signaling. We address this controversy by imaging glial Ca(2+) signaling and vessel dilation in the mouse retina. We find that sensory stimulation results in Ca(2+) increases in the glial endfeet contacting capillaries, but not arterioles, and that capillary dilations often follow spontaneous Ca(2+) signaling. In IP3R2(-\/-) mice, where glial Ca(2+) signaling is reduced, light-evoked capillary, but not arteriole, dilation is abolished. The results show that, independent of arterioles, capillaries actively dilate and regulate blood flow. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that glial Ca(2+) signaling regulates capillary but not arteriole blood flow.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,33],"tags":[40,30,42,41,39],"class_list":["post-1502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-original-research","category-publications","tag-blood-flow","tag-calcium","tag-capillary","tag-glia","tag-neurovascular-coupling"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1502"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1502\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2080,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1502\/revisions\/2080"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bergleslab.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}